北歐平等主義           (2006年秋季)

 

 

課程說明

北歐是公認當今舉世唯一真正實現平等的地區,包括階級與性別的平等。北歐並不遙遠,它「不過是」中華民族古老的大同世界夢想的實踐。對於大同世界,禮記禮運篇如此描述──

大道之行也天下為公選賢與能講信修睦故人不獨親其親不獨子其子使老有所終壯有所用,幼有所長,鰥寡孤獨廢疾者,皆有所養。男有分,女有歸。貨惡其棄於地也,不必藏於己;力惡其不出於身也,不必為己。是故謀閉而不興,盜竊亂賊而不作,故外戶而不閉,是謂大同。

這樣的世界,將人力物力的資源,以及育幼養老的責任,廣泛界定為「公」(public),正是活脫脫的北歐社會的寫照,只除了男女角色的界定;關於後者,北歐追求的是男女兩性同樣普遍「有分(有貢獻才能、維持經濟獨立的管道)有歸(享受性愛及親情)」。在所有人民的人生需求得到充分關照的基礎上,北歐各國真正做到「謀閉而不興,盜竊亂賊而不作,故外戶而不閉,是謂大同」。

           本課程將致力於:一、對北歐模式平等實踐做意識型態的分析,並將它做跨文化比較;二、思考台灣效法北歐的可能性。

           選修本課程者將被要求:一、上課;二、分組討論並撰寫小組報告;三、參訪(至少一次)及參與公共論壇;四、交一篇期末報告。

 

書目/課程進度表

 

一、福利國家:意識形態及制度發展

林萬億(1994)福利國家──歷史比較的分析》,台北:巨流。

劉毓秀,〈北歐托育制度〉

Birte Siim, (1990) “Women and the welfare state: Between private and public dependence. A comparative approach to care work in Denmark and Britain,” in Gender and Caring: Work and Welfare in Britain and Scandinavia, ed. Clare Ungerson, New York: Harvester Wheatsheaf.

Allen, Susan F. (2002) “Working parents with young children: cross-national comparisons of policies and programmes in three countries.”

Korpi, Walter. 1995“The Position of the Elderly in the Welfare StateComparative Perspectives on Old-Age  Care in Sweden.”

 

二、政黨與政府角色

Esping-Andersen, Gosta. (1992) “The Making of a Social Democratic Welfare State,” in Creating Social Democracy: A Century of the Social Democratic Party in Sweden, pp.35-66.

Tilton, Tim. (1992) “The Role of Ideology in Social Democratic Politics,” pp. 409-428.

Haggroth, Soren et al. (1999) Swedish Local Government: Tradition and Reforms.

 

三、政黨、社會運動、民間組織

Olof, Petersson. (1994) “Organizations,” in The Government and Politics of the Nordic Countries, pp.141-156.

Micheletti, Michele. (1995) “The Swedish Model,” “Repluralization and resurgence of Swedish Civil Society,” in Civil Society and State Relations in Sweden, pp.72-88, 116-141.

 

四、階級與勞工

Fulcher, James. (1991) Labour Movements, Employers, and the State: Conflict and Co-Operation in Britain and Sweden, pp.261-308.

 

五、知識、教育、理性選擇

Milner, Henry. (1994) Social Democracy and Rational Choice: The Scandinavian Experience and      Beyond.

Ball, Stephen J., and Staffan Larsson, eds.1989The Struggle for Democratic Education: Equality and Participation in Sweden.

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